Does an Assisted Living Facility Require Tamper-Resistant Outlets?

Yes, an assisted living facility does require tamper-resistant outlets, with limited exceptions. All states adopted the National Electrical Code 2020 — created by the National Fire Protection Association — which mandates tamper-resistant outlets in various settings, including assisted living communities.

Some states, such as Alabama, Delaware and Wyoming, implemented the NEC with no amendments, while others modified certain aspects and expanded national rules. However, as with all federal building codes, each jurisdiction must follow code provisions for a building to be habitable, suitable for purpose and legal. Such rules protect public safety, health and well-being.

Article 406.12 of the NEC, 2020, expands on previously listed settings that must have tamper-resistant outlets for 15- and 20-ampere, 125-and 250-volt, non-locking receptacle outlets. The list includes homes, hotel rooms, education facilities and clinic waiting rooms. It also explicitly details assisted living communities. Exceptions apply for outlets higher than 1.7 meters above the floor, light fittings and outlets for specific plug-in appliances — such as washing machines and refrigerators — that aren’t easily moved. Practically, most accessible outlets throughout an assisted living facility — including in residents’ accommodations, communal areas and offices — must be tamper-resistant.

Distinct from hospital-grade outlets, tamper-resistant receptacles have added safety features to prevent electrical shocks and electrocution. Spring-loaded shutters prevent an electrical flow when an object enters only one outlet opening, reducing the risk of injury. Although the National Fire Protection Association introduced such outlets for child safety, it also lowers the risk of harm to vulnerable adults — such as people with dementia — who may attempt to misuse outlets.